哈希游戏系统开发源码哈希游戏系统开发源码
哈希游戏系统开发源码哈希游戏系统开发源码，
本文目录导读：
哈希表（Hash Table）是一种高效的非线性数据结构，广泛应用于游戏开发中，本文将介绍如何基于哈希表开发一个游戏系统，并提供详细的源码实现。
系统设计
哈希表实现
哈希表的核心是哈希函数,用于将键映射到数组索引，以下是常用的哈希函数：
public class HashTable {
private static final int PRIME = 7;
private static final int DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR = 0.5;
private final Map<Integer, Object> table;
private int size;
private int capacity;
public HashTable() {
this.table = new HashMap<>();
this.capacity = DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR * 32;
}
public int size() {
return size;
}
public int capacity() {
return capacity;
}
public boolean isEmpty() {
return table.isEmpty();
}
public Object get(int key) {
int index = hash(key);
if (index < 0) index += table.size();
return table.get(index);
}
public void put(int key, Object value) {
int index = hash(key);
if (index < 0) index += table.size();
table.put(index, value);
size++;
}
private int hash(int key) {
return Integer.hashCode(key) % capacity;
}
}
缓存设计
游戏缓存通常使用哈希表实现,以提高数据访问速度，以下是缓存接口：
public interface Cache {
void clear();
Object get(String key);
void put(String key, Object value);
void remove(String key);
void flush();
}
数据库接口
游戏数据库通常使用关系型数据库,以下是简单的数据库接口：
public interface Database {
void createTable();
void dropTable();
void select(String query);
void insert(String query);
void update(String query);
void delete(String query);
}
通信协议
游戏通信使用简单的HTTP协议,以下是客户端和服务器端代码：
public class Client {
public static void send(String message) throws IOException {
try (OutputStream out = new OutputStream() {
@Override
public void write(String str) throws IOException {
out.write(str.getBytes());
}
});
}
}
public class Server {
public static void receive() throws IOException {
try (InputStream in = new InputStreamReader(System.in)) {
@Override
public int read() throws IOException {
return in.read();
}
});
}
}
配置管理
游戏配置使用XML格式存储,以下是配置类：
public class Config {
private static final String CONFIG_FILE = "config.xml";
private final String[][] config;
public Config(String[][] config) {
this.config = config;
}
public String getConfig(String key, String defaultVal) {
for (String[] row : config) {
if (row[0].equals(key)) {
return row[1] != null ? row[1] : defaultVal;
}
}
return defaultVal;
}
}
实现细节
哈希表优化
哈希表的负载因子控制在50%以下，以避免性能下降，以下是优化方法：
- 使用拉链法处理冲突
- 定期检查负载因子,重新扩展哈希表
缓存管理
缓存使用LRU策略,以下是实现：
public class LRU {
private final Map<String, Integer> cache = new HashMap<>();
private final int MAX_CACHE_SIZE;
public LRU(int maxCacheSize) {
this.MAX_CACHE_SIZE = maxCacheSize;
}
public void put(String key, Object value) {
if (cache.containsKey(key)) {
cache.put(key, cache.get(key) + 1);
} else {
if (cache.size() >= MAX_CACHE_SIZE) {
String worstKey = cache.keySet().iterator().next();
cache.remove(worstKey);
}
cache.put(key, 1);
}
}
public Object get(String key) {
if (cache.containsKey(key)) {
int count = cache.get(key);
cache.put(key, count + 1);
return Object.get(key);
}
return null;
}
public void clear() {
cache.clear();
}
}
数据库操作
以下是简单的数据库操作：
public class DatabaseOperations {
public static void createTable() {
String SQL = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (" +
"id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, " +
"username VARCHAR(255) UNIQUE NOT NULL, " +
"password VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL)!";
execute(SQL);
}
public static void dropTable() {
String SQL = "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS users!";
execute(SQL);
}
public static void insert() {
String SQL = "INSERT INTO users (username, password) VALUES (?, ?)!";
Statement stmt = getStatement();
try {
Integer username = Integer.parseInt(input());
String password = input();
int rowsInserted = execute(sql, username, password);
if (rowsInserted > 0) {
System.out.println("User " + username + " created successfully!");
} else {
System.out.println("Error: " + getError());
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
System.out.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
public static void update() {
String SQL = "UPDATE users SET username = ? WHERE id = ?!";
Statement stmt = getStatement();
try {
Integer id = Integer.parseInt(input());
String newUsername = input();
int rowsUpdated = execute(sql, newUsername, id);
if (rowsUpdated > 0) {
System.out.println("User updated successfully!");
} else {
System.out.println("Error: " + getError());
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
System.out.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
public static void delete() {
String SQL = "DELETE FROM users WHERE username = ?!";
Statement stmt = getStatement();
try {
String username = input();
int rowsDeleted = execute(sql, username);
if (rowsDeleted > 0) {
System.out.println("User deleted successfully!");
} else {
System.out.println("Error: " + getError());
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
System.out.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
private static Statement getStatement() throws SQLException {
return connection.createStatement();
}
private static void close() throws SQLException {
if (connection != null) {
try {
connection.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
System.out.println("Error closing connection: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}
}
性能优化
内存管理
使用弱引用和标记-清除算法，防止内存泄漏，以下是实现：
public class WeakHashMap {
private final Map<String, WeakReference<String>> map;
private final Set<String> roots = new HashSet<>();
public WeakHashMap() {
this.map = new HashMap<>();
}
public void put(String key, String value) {
map.put(key, new WeakReference<>(value));
roots.add(key);
}
public String get(String key) {
return map.get(key) != null ? map.get(key).get() : null;
}
public void remove(String key) {
map.put(key, null);
roots.remove(key);
if (roots.isEmpty()) {
roots.clear();
map.clear();
}
}
public boolean containsKey(String key) {
return map.containsKey(key);
}
public boolean containsValue(String value) {
return map.values().contains(value);
}
}
并发安全
使用ConcurrentHashMap实现高并发安全,以下是使用示例：
public class Game {
private final ConcurrentHashMap<String, Object> cache = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
public void setConfig(String key, String value) {
cache.put(key, value);
}
public Object getConfig(String key) {
return cache.get(key);
}
public void clear() {
cache.clear();
}
}
测试
单元测试
使用JUnit框架进行单元测试,以下是示例：
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
public class HashTableTest {
@Test
void testGet() {
HashTable table = new HashTable();
table.put(1, "one");
assertEquals("one", table.get(1));
}
@Test
void testSize() {
HashTable table = new HashTable();
assertEquals(0, table.size());
table.put(1, "one");
assertEquals(1, table.size());
}
@Test
void testLoadFactor() {
HashTable table = new HashTable();
assertEquals(0.5, table.DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR);
}
}
集成测试
使用JMeter进行集成测试,配置请求模式，模拟多线程访问。
哈希表是游戏系统开发的核心数据结构,提供了高效的键-值映射，通过合理设计，可以实现高并发、低延迟的游戏系统，以下是源码的完整实现：
// 哈希表实现
public class HashTable {
private static final int PRIME = 7;
private static final int DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR = 0.5;
private final Map<Integer, Object> table;
private int size;
private int capacity;
public HashTable() {
this.table = new HashMap<>();
this.capacity = DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR * 32;
}
public int size() {
return size;
}
public int capacity() {
return capacity;
}
public boolean isEmpty() {
return table.isEmpty();
}
public Object get(int key) {
int index = hash(key);
if (index < 0) index += table.size();
return table.get(index);
}
public void put(int key, Object value) {
int index = hash(key);
if (index < 0) index += table.size();
table.put(index, value);
size++;
}
private int hash(int key) {
return Integer.hashCode(key) % capacity;
}
}
// 缓存接口
public interface Cache {
void clear();
Object get(String key);
void put(String key, Object value);
void remove(String key);
void flush();
}
// LRU 缓存实现
public class LRU {
private final Map<String, Integer> cache = new HashMap<>();
private final int MAX_CACHE_SIZE;
public LRU(int maxCacheSize) {
this.MAX_CACHE_SIZE = maxCacheSize;
}
public void put(String key, Object value) {
if (cache.containsKey(key)) {
cache.put(key, cache.get(key) + 1);
} else {
if (cache.size() >= MAX_CACHE_SIZE) {
String worstKey = cache.keySet().iterator().next();
cache.remove(worstKey);
}
cache.put(key, 1);
}
}
public Object get(String key) {
if (cache.containsKey(key)) {
int count = cache.get(key);
cache.put(key, count + 1);
return Object.get(key);
}
return null;
}
public void clear() {
cache.clear();
}
}
// 数据库接口
public interface Database {
void createTable();
void dropTable();
void select(String query);
void insert(String query);
void update(String query);
void delete(String query);
}
// 数据库操作
public class DatabaseOperations {
public static void createTable() {
String SQL = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (" +
"id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, " +
"username VARCHAR(255) UNIQUE NOT NULL, " +
"password VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL)!";
execute(SQL);
}
public static void dropTable() {
String SQL = "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS users!";
execute(SQL);
}
public static void insert() {
String SQL = "INSERT INTO users (username, password) VALUES (?, ?)!";
Statement stmt = getStatement();
try {
Integer username = Integer.parseInt(input());
String password = input();
int rowsInserted = execute(sql, username, password);
if (rowsInserted > 0) {
System.out.println("User " + username + " created successfully!");
} else {
System.out.println("Error: " + getError());
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
System.out.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
public static void update() {
String SQL = "UPDATE users SET username = ? WHERE id = ?!";
Statement stmt = getStatement();
try {
Integer id = Integer.parseInt(input());
String newUsername = input();
int rowsUpdated = execute(sql, newUsername, id);
if (rowsUpdated > 0) {
System.out.println("User updated successfully!");
} else {
System.out.println("Error: " + getError());
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
System.out.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
public static void delete() {
String SQL = "DELETE FROM users WHERE username = ?!";
Statement stmt = getStatement();
try {
String username = input();
int rowsDeleted = execute(sql, username);
if (rowsDeleted > 0) {
System.out.println("User deleted successfully!");
} else {
System.out.println("Error: " + getError());
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
System.out.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
private static Statement getStatement() throws SQLException {
return connection.createStatement();
}
private static void close() throws SQLException {
if (connection != null) {
try {
connection.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
System.out.println("Error closing connection: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}
}
// 弱哈希表实现
public class WeakHashMap {
private final Map<String, WeakReference<String>> map;
private final Set<String> roots = new HashSet<>();
public WeakHashMap() {
this.map = new HashMap<>();
}
public void put(String key, String value) {
map.put(key, new WeakReference<>(value));
roots.add(key);
}
public String get(String key) {
return map.get(key) != null ? map.get(key).get() : null;
}
public void remove(String key) {
map.put(key, null);
roots.remove(key);
if (roots.isEmpty()) {
roots.clear();
map.clear();
}
}
public boolean containsKey(String key) {
return map.containsKey(key);
}
public boolean containsValue(String value) {
return map.values().contains(value);
}
}
// 游戏配置类
public class Config {
private static final String CONFIG_FILE = "config.xml";
private final String[][] config;
public Config(String[][] config) {
this.config = config;
}
public String getConfig(String key, String defaultVal) {
for (String[] row : config) {
if (row[0].equals(key)) {
return row[1] != null ? row[1] : defaultVal;
}
}
return defaultVal;
}
}
代码实现了哈希表、缓存、数据库操作、弱哈希表和配置管理，可以作为游戏系统开发的基础。
哈希游戏系统开发源码哈希游戏系统开发源码，
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